If policymakers are to succeed in their efforts to foster economic growth, improve public health, and protect the environment, they need to know which policies work, which don’t, and why.

There are great opportunities around the globe to reduce conventional pollutant emissions from light-duty vehicles (LDVs), with positive effects on air quality and public health. This report directly addresses the cost to LDV manufacturers of deploying technology in order to meet more stringent emission regulations.