The Pakistan Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission (Suparco) is conducting a detailed investigation to substantiate its earlier findings that smog, more commonly referred to as fog in Punjab, is caused by excessive burning of coal by India's thermal power plants. According to Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency, the economic losses due to fog during December and January amounted to over Rs25 billion per annum. The officials said that once the findings confirmed the role of India's thermal plants in causing smog in Punjab, the issue was likely to be taken up formally by the Pakistan government with India.