Private Sector

Order of the National Green Tribunal regarding pollution of Godavari river, Telangana, 29/05/2025

Order of the National Green Tribunal in the matter of News Item titled "Telangana: Deepening pollution crisis in Godawari threatens lives livelihoods appearing in the Telangana Today dated 13.05.2025" dated 29/05/2025. The application was registered suo-motu on the basis of the news item titled Telangana: Deepening pollution crisis in Godawari …

Promoting disaster risk financing in Asia and the Pacific

This policy brief discusses two types of disaster risk financing (DRF) tools that can act as policy options for disaster risk reduction (DRR) in Asia and the Pacific. As the economies in Asia and the Pacific are exposed to disaster risks, one strategy to mitigate the economic losses and strengthen …

Unlocking the deadlock: promoting low-carbon technology cooperation between the United States and China after the Paris Agreement

The world has witnessed a new era of cooperation on climate change between the United States and China. This cooperation between the world’s two largest economies and carbon emitters played a fundamental role in the international negotiations leading up to the adoption of the Paris Agreement in December 2015. This …

Money is power: tracking finance flows for decentralised energy access in Tanzania

Investment in Tanzania’s energy sector is growing, but how much attention is being given to decentralised energy solutions for people who still lack energy for their basic needs: to light their homes and power their farms and businesses? This study maps the available data on finance for decentralised energy access …

National climate change governance

This topic guide looks at climate change governance and the political economy of climate policy development and implementation at the national scale. It aims to help donor agency staff better support country partners in implementing adaptive, equitable, effective and coherent policy. The report highlights national-level challenges. Intended for both climate …

The Puzzle of Forest Productivity: Are Forest Development Corporations Solving It Right?

This report is an outcome of another report. In 2015, the Ministry of Environment, Forest & Climate Change (MoEF&CC;) issued guidelines for the participation of the private sector in afforestation of degraded forests. The guidelines argued that poor productivity of forests has led to a shortage of raw materials to …

Climate change financing for cities in Indonesia: case study - Kupang

This document discusses the need for financing to support both climate change mitigation and adaptation to extreme weather events in Kupang, Indonesia. The report finds that four aspects define Indonesia’s readiness for effective climate finance: planning capacity, accessing finance, good financial governance, and private sector engagement. The report argues that …

Models for financing clean infrastructure in middle income countries

This paper by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI) examines two financing models for better infrastructure development in emerging economies. The paper compares the more centralized, development bank driven infrastructure investment model in Brazil with the decentralized model in India. The case study analyses the potential benefits and challenges of the …

The Nokia SEZ Story: Economy of Disappearances

The closure of Nokia's mobile phone assembly plant in Sriperumbudur, near Chennai, just eight years after it commenced production, illustrates how corporations can quit operations at a point when it is no longer profitable for them to continue, while the impact of such closures on workers is profound. The special …

Enabling private sector adaptation in developing countries and their semi-arid regions: case studies of Senegal and Kenya

Climate change poses increasing risks to economic growth and development efforts across the world. Semi-arid regions (SARs) are one of the hotpots that have been identified by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change as being particularly exposed and vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. Indeed, the majority of SARs …

Alliances for green infrastructure: state of watershed investment 2016

Governments, water utilities, companies, and communities around the world paid nearly US$25 billion (B) in 2015 for nature-based solutions to secure reliable access to clean water, according to a new report from Forest Trends’ Ecosystem Marketplace, Alliances for Green Infrastructure: State of Watershed Investment 2016. From Beijing to Sao Paulo, …

Linking REDD+ to support Brazil’s climate goals and implementation of the forest code

Brazil has made significant progress in reducing deforestation in recent years while increasing agriculture production. Full implementation of the Forest Code will be the central element in achieving Brazil’s Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) under the Paris Agreement. However, Brazil should aim for more ambitious targets for avoided deforestation than simply …

Mobilizing private climate finance: green bonds and beyond

The international market for green bonds and securities that raise capital for specific climate or environmental sustainability purposes has experienced tremendous growth and could reach an annual market value of over 100 billion US dollars this year. As part of this growth, new market tools, skills, and capital have been …

Private sector investment in climate adaptation in developing countries: landscape, lessons learned and future opportunities

This publication seeks to inform practitioners on how to more effectively deploy resources towards private sector climate adaptation projects in the developing world. The report examines the evidence base on efforts to support private sector investment in climate adaptation. Analysis shows that multilateral development banks (MDBs) and the Pilot Program …

Economic and Social Survey of Asia and the Pacific 2016: year-end update

Economic conditions have stabilized in the Asia-Pacific region in the second half of 2016, as such stable economic conditions provide an opportunity to make progress on the productivity and inclusiveness fronts. However, despite recent stability, the likely impact of some risks for the near-term economic outlook should not be underestimated. …

Private finance for climate-change adaptation: challenges and opportunities for Kenya

This policy brief examines how Kenya can create an enabling environment for private investment in adaptation, and how development partners can support this effort. Private investments in adaptation are important. The costs of adaptation are too high to be met by the public sector alone, and developed countries have expressly …

Reaching India’s renewable energy targets: the role of institutional investors

India has ambitious renewable energy targets of 175GW by 2022. In order to meet this target, the renewable energy sector in India will require $189 billion in additional investment, including $57 billion in equity, and $132 billion in debt. The potential amount of investment in the renewable energy sector in …

The evolution of forest finance in five African countries: lessons learned from the REDDX initiative in Africa

In an effort to better understand continent-wide patterns of REDD+ finance, this study has built off of the initial five years of the work of Forest Trends’ REDDX initiative through focused stakeholder meetings, distribution of questionnaires, and review of literature and available documents to synthesize the main trends and understand …

The evolution of forest finance in five African countries: lessons learned from the REDDX initiative in Africa

In an effort to better understand continent-wide patterns of REDD+ finance, this study has built off of the initial five years of the work of Forest Trends’ REDDX initiative through focused stakeholder meetings, distribution of questionnaires, and review of literature and available documents to synthesize the main trends and understand …

Mind the gap: bridging the climate financing gap with innovative financial mechanisms

GGGI launched an Insight Brief titled ‘Mind the Gap: Bridging the Climate Financing Gap with Innovative Financial Mechanisms’. This report aims to advance the public sector’s understanding of innovative financial mechanisms by examining their function, characteristics, and use. Compared with the total investment required over the next fifteen years to …

Enhancing urban climate change resilience: seven entry points for action

Growing interest in the concept of urban climate change resilience (UCCR) recognizes the complexity of rapid urbanization and uncertainties associated with climate change. This working paper synthesizes existing knowledge on urban climate change resilience to identify seven entry points for actions. It is expected that the proposed entry points will …

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