Atmosphere
Greenhouse Gas bulletin: the state of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere based on global observations through 2022
Greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere hit new record highs in 2022, with no end in sight to the rising trend, according to this new report by the World Meteorological Organisation (WMO). This Bulletin represents the latest analysis of observations from the WMO GAW Programme. It shows globally averaged surface …Heavy duty vehicle emission pollution control in China
Presentation by Li Kunsheng of Beijing Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau at the Anil Agarwal Dialogue 2015: Poor in climate change, India Habitat Centre, New Delhi, March 11 – 12, 2015.Emissions from S Asian brick production & potential climate impact
Presentation by Ellen Baum of Climate and Health Research Network at the Anil Agarwal Dialogue 2015: Poor in climate change, India Habitat Centre, New Delhi, March 11 – 12, 2015.Possibility of using isotopic composition of ground-level vapour for monitoring arrival and withdrawl of southwest monsoon
Stable isotopes of oxygen and hydrogen have long been used to trace the hydrological processes on the principle that the lighter isotopes of water (e.g. H2O) preferentially evaporate over its heavier isotopes (e.g. HDO or H2 18O), and the heavier isotopes preferentially condense. In this line, several studies were carried …Biomass burning related ozone damage on vegetation over the Amazon forest: a model sensitivity study
The HadGEM2 earth system climate model was used to assess the impact of biomass burning on surface ozone concentrations over the Amazon forest and its impact on vegetation, under present-day climate conditions. Here the researchers consider biomass burning emissions from wildfires, deforestation fires, agricultural forest burning, and residential and commercial …Impacts of Asian dust on the determination of cloud thermodynamic phase from satellite observations
The impact of Asian dust on the determination of cloud phase is analyzed over dust sources and downwind using cloud phase products from cloud-aerosol lidar and infrared pathfinder satellite observations (CALIPSO), atmospheric infrared sounder (AIRS), moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS), and polarization and anisotropy of reflectances for atmospheric sciences coupled …Climate change 2014: synthesis report
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change launched the complete version of the Synthesis Report, the concluding installment of the Fifth Assessment Report. Written by over 800 scientists from 80 countries, and assessing over 30,000 scientific papers, the Fifth Assessment Report tells policymakers what the scientific community knows about the scientific …Real-case simulations of aerosol–cloud interactions in ship tracks over the Bay of Biscay
Ship tracks provide an ideal test bed for studying aerosol–cloud interactions (ACIs) and for evaluating their representation in model parameterisations. Regional modelling can be of particular use for this task, as this approach provides sufficient resolution to resolve the structure of the produced track including their meteorological environment whilst relying …The importance of interstitial particle scavenging by cloud droplets in shaping the remote aerosol size distribution and global aerosol-climate effects
In this paper, we investigate the coagulation of interstitial aerosol particles (particles too small to activate to cloud droplets) with cloud drops, a process often ignored in aerosol-climate models. We use the GEOS-Chem-TOMAS global chemical transport model with aerosol microphysics to calculate the changes in the aerosol size distribution, cloud-albedo …Aerosol optical properties over marine and continental sites of India during pre-monsoon season
Ground and satellite based measurements of spectral optical properties of aerosols have been carried out at Dehradun (DDN) in the Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP) and Kavaratti (KVT) at Lakshadweep in southern Arabian Sea during pre-monsoon season (March–May) 2012. The measurements illustrate distinct seasonal impact on aerosol properties with maximum dust loading …Effect of biomass burning over the western North Pacific Rim: wintertime maxima of anhydrosugars in ambient aerosols from Okinawa
Biomass burning (BB) largely modifies the chemical composition of atmospheric aerosols on the globe. We collected aerosol samples (TSP) at Cape Hedo, on subtropical Okinawa Island, from October 2009 to February 2012 to study anhydrosugars as BB tracers. Levoglucosan was detected as the dominant anhydrosugar followed by its isomers, mannosan …The role of aerosol in altering North Atlantic atmospheric circulation in winter and its impact on air quality
Numerical model scenarios of future climate depict a global increase in temperatures and changing precipitation patterns, primarily driven by increasing greenhouse gas (GHG) concentrations. Aerosol particles also play an important role by altering the Earth's radiation budget and consequently surface temperature. Here, we use the general circulation aerosol model ECHAM5-HAM, …Application of WRF/Chem version 3.4.1 over North America under the AQMEII Phase 2: evaluation of 2010 application and responses of air quality and meteorology–chemistry interactions …
The Weather Research and Forecasting model with Chemistry (WRF/Chem) simulation with the 2005 Carbon Bond gas-phase mechanism coupled to the Modal for Aerosol Dynamics for Europe and the Volatility Basis Set approach for Secondary Organic Aerosol (SOA) are conducted over a domain in North America for 2006 and 2010 as …Compendium of environment statistics India 2014
This Compendium of Environment Statistics 2014 published by the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation is the fifteenth edition of its series and covers five core parameters - biodiversity, atmosphere, land/soil, water and human settlements.How thermodynamic environments control stratocumulus microphysics and interactions with aerosols
Aerosol–cloud interactions are central to climate system changes and depend on meteorological conditions. This study identifies distinct thermodynamic regimes and proposes a conceptual framework for interpreting aerosol effects. In the analysis, ten years (2003–2012) of daily satellite-derived aerosol and cloud products are combined with reanalysis data to identify factors controlling …Methane emissions from natural gas infrastructure and use in the urban region of Boston, Massachusetts
Most recent analyses of the environmental impact of natural gas have focused on production, with very sparse information on emissions from distribution and end use. This study quantifies the full seasonal cycle of methane emissions and the fractional contribution of natural gas for the urbanized region centered on Boston. Emissions …Multidecadal variability of the continental precipitation annual amplitude driven by AMO and ENSO
As the water vapor content in the atmosphere scales with temperature, a warmer world is expected to feature an intensification of the hydrological cycle. Work to date has mainly focused on mean precipitation changes, whose connection to climatic modes is elusive at a global scale. Here we show that continental …Ground surface temperature and continental heat gain: uncertainties from underground
Temperature changes at the Earthʼs surface propagate and are recorded underground as perturbations to the equilibrium thermal regime associated with the heat flow from the Earthʼs interior. Borehole climatology is concerned with the analysis and interpretation of these downward propagating subsurface temperature anomalies in terms of surface climate. Proper determination …Movements of western disturbance and associated cloud convection
Western disturbances have a long history of climatological, synoptic and satellite observations based studies. In present study an attempt has been made to understand the different aspects of western disturbances like movement, associated convection, induce systems and associated weather. The western disturbances (WDs) during post monsoon and winter season have …Scientific assessment of ozone depletion: 2014
Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 2014 is the quadrennial report of the Scientific Assessment Panel (SAP) of the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer. The SAP assesses the state of the depletion of the ozone layer and relevant atmospheric science issues every four years and provides Parties …Delhi choking on foul air, time to clean up
Our city has become so polluted that even a morning walk can make you very ill. Urgent steps like moving to Euro 5 norms and making diesel less attractive are needed but government is in no hurry Your early morning routine of a walk and workout out doors this winter …