Atmosphere

Greenhouse Gas bulletin: the state of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere based on global observations through 2022

Greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere hit new record highs in 2022, with no end in sight to the rising trend, according to this new report by the World Meteorological Organisation (WMO). This Bulletin represents the latest analysis of observations from the WMO GAW Programme. It shows globally averaged surface …

Mine pollution: Royal East Bhutan Coal Company sticks to guidelines

RANGIA: Raising concern over indisputable situation prevailing across Indo-Bhutan border Sandrupjonkhar area, owe to mining induced pollution phenomena - SD East Bhutan Coal Company (SDEBCC) clarifying its stand says the institution has been operating under strict guidelines as well as supervision of National Environment Commission on a mere conscious manner. …

Impact of tropspheric ozone on crop growth and productivity – a review

This review presents tropospheric ozone (O3), an air pollutant affecting agriculture by reducing crop yield and deteriorating quality of produce. O3 enters leaves through stomata and diffuses within the apoplast, producing many oxidizing compounds and affecting various physiological and biochemical processes, crop growth and yield. O3 affects above and below …

Global Environment Outlook-5 (GEO-5): summary for policy makers

This summary of the fifth Global Environment Outlook report released by UNEP focuses on deteriorating state of the global environment and lists priority areas for action and policy recommendations. The UNEP has released the Global Environment Outlook-5 (GEO-5) Summary for Policy Makers, which was negotiated and endorsed by governments on …

More trees will not counter global warming

There is no alternative to reduction of emission levels to fight global warning. A paper presented at the 24th Kerala Science Congress on Monday challenges the common perception that merely filling the surface of the Earth with trees would not suffice in tackling the menace. Findings A study undertaken by …

Mandatory setting up of solar unit generates heat

The mandatory installation of solar water heater as a precondition to obtain power connection has been resented by people in Kodagu. The main reason being the non-feasibility of such a condition due to the climatic condition in the district. The Karnataka Electricity Regulatory Commission, in its amendment to the various …

Andhra may be among top emitters

The setting up of 63 thermal power plants along the coast line of Andhra Pradesh will place this state in the category of one of the biggest carbon emitters in the world. The biggest amongst these power stations is the Krishnapatnam power station which claims it will provide electricity to …

How to cut carbon emissions

CARBON emissions vary hugely between countries. That is well known, as is the finding that rich people emit more than poor ones. But a newly revised paper* by Emilio Zagheni of the Max Planck Institute in Rostock, Germany also shows how carbon footprints vary by age—and the worrying implications of …

Mid-latitude afforestation shifts general circulation and tropical precipitation

We show in climate model experiments that large-scale afforestation in northern mid-latitudes warms the Northern Hemisphere and alters global circulation patterns. An expansion of dark forests increases the absorption of solar energy and increases surface temperature, particularly in regions where the land surface is unable to compensate with latent heat …

Delhi Metro’s steps on climate change bring earnings

The Delhi Metro is the first rail network in the world to have two projects registered with the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change. Not only has it succeeded in preventing release of almost one lakh tonnes of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere but is also earning carbon emission reductions …

Remote sensing of planet earth

Monitoring of water and land objects enters a revolutionary age with the rise of ubiquitous remote sensing and public access. Earth monitoring satellites permit detailed, descriptive, quantitative, holistic, standardized, global evaluation of the state of the Earth skin in a manner that our actual Earthen civilization has never been able …

Compendium of environment statistics 2011

This Compendium of Environment Statistics 2011 published by the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation is the twelfth edition of its series and covers five core parameters - biodiversity, atmosphere, land/soil, water and human settlements. The Compendium of Environment Statistics 2011 is the twelfth edition of its series, which initially …

The inconvenient truth of equity

In 1990, China was responsible for only 10% of annual emissions. But in 2010, it contributed some 27% In 1992, when the world met to discuss an agreement on climate change, equity was a simple concept: sharing the global commons – the atmosphere in this case – equally among all. …

Forcing of wet phases in southeast Africa over the past 17,000 years

Intense debate persists about the climatic mechanisms governing hydrologic changes in tropical and subtropical southeast Africa since the Last Glacial Maximum, about 20,000 years ago. In particular, the relative importance of atmospheric and oceanic processes is not firmly established. Southward shifts of the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) driven by high-latitude …

Black carbon aerosol characteristics and its radiative impact over Nainital: A high-altitude station in the Central Himalayas

Ground-based measurements of aerosol black carbon (BC), from a high altitude location at Nainital in the central Himalayas (during June 2006 to May 2007), were used to study its temporal variability and impact on the atmospheric radiative forcing. Diurnal variation of BC mass concentration shows single enhanced peak in the …

The case against climate regulation via oceanic phytoplankton sulphur emissions

More than twenty years ago, a biological regulation of climate was proposed whereby emissions of dimethyl sulphide from oceanic phytoplankton resulted in the formation of aerosol particles that acted as cloud condensation nuclei in the marine boundary layer. In this hypothesis—referred to as CLAW—the increase in cloud condensation nuclei led …

Choice is between a rock & a hard place

How many Indians make up one American? 11. One American currently emits 17 tonnes of carbon dioxide each year from the burning of fossil fuel, as compared on one Indian, who emits 1.5 tonnes. The problem at hand is that these emissions are needed for economic growth. And the world …

Climate change in the Hindu Kush-Himalayas: the state of current knowledge

This report synthesises the present knowledge about the consequences that climate change can have for the Hindu Kush-Himalayan mountain system. It indicates gaps in knowledge and shows a way forward for the future. What is the relevance of this information? We think that it is necessary for people to be …

Climate: observations, projections and impacts – India

This report provide observations, projections and impacts of climate change on India. This provide up to date science on how the climate has already changed and the potential consequences of future changes. The report contains: A description of key features of national weather and climate, including an analysis of new …

Climate: observations, projections and impacts – Bangladesh

This report provide observations, projections and impacts of climate change on Bangladesh. This provide up to date science on how the climate has already changed and the potential consequences of future changes. The report contains: A description of key features of national weather and climate, including an analysis of new …

The impact of black carbon on Arctic climate

The Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme (AMAP) established an Expert Group on Short-Lived Climate Forcers (SLCFs) in 2009 with the goal of reviewing the state of science surrounding SLCFs in the Arctic and recommending the science tasks that AMAP should conduct or promote to improve the state of knowledge and …

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