Climate Agreements

Sub-Saharan Africa’s Economic Outlook 2025: Navigating Uncertainty and Aligning Policy for Sustainable Recovery

The IMF’s April 2025 Regional Economic Outlook for Sub-Saharan Africa presents a clear warning: regional growth is slowing, debt pressures are mounting, and donor assistance is declining. Yet the report outlines critical opportunities particularly in domestic revenue mobilization, structural reform, and private sector activation that can shape a more resilient …

The Emissions Gap Report 2015

The sixth UNEP Emissions Gap Report provides a scientific assessment of the impacts of the submitted Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs) on anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases. Like in the previous reports, this year’s report then compares the resulting emission level in 2030 with what science tells us is required …

The way forward is through Paris

Leaders must come together on a solid agreement at the United Nations climate conference — and then get to work at home by meeting commitments and finding new ways to reduce emissions. (Editorial) Original Source

A ‘perfect’ agreement in Paris is not essential

Success at the latest climate talks will be a recognition by the world’s nations that incremental change will not do the job, says Johan Rockström.

Africa's climate opportunity: adapting and thriving

Climate change poses a severe threat to Africa, the world’s most vulnerable region. But it also offers a huge opportunity. A new paper from the African Development Bank explains how the COP21 climate talks in Paris in December can help Africa deal with the threat and seize the opportunity.

Barack Obama optimistic of reaching climate change deal at Paris summit

US president Barack Obama said on Wednesday he was optimistic an elusive deal to contain global warming could be forged at an upcoming crunch summit in Paris, and insisted an ambitious deal would boost a flagging world economy. In a speech to an Asia-Pacific business conference in the Philippines, Obama …

Climate action now: summary for policymakers 2015

The Summary for Policymakers (SPM) identifies good practice policies, initiatives and actions that could be scaled up and replicated by Parties to realize significant mitigation potential in the pre-2020 period. The SPM focuses on the thematic areas and reflects the outcomes of the associated technical expert meetings that occur under …

A breath of fresh air

The decision to use the Montreal Protocol to reduce the impact of refrigerants on global warming is a step forward ahead of the Paris climate summit. (Editorial)

The Emissions Gap Report 2015: executive summary

Existing policies and strong engagement by nations submitting their contributions ahead of the Paris climate meeting will limit anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 2030, but a new climate agreement can encourage further action to limit global temperature rise to 2°C by 2100, according to a new United Nations Environment …

India’s triple challenge: growth, development and climate change

India’s goals for economic growth are ambitious; the Indian Government is aiming to achieve human development on a par with EU countries. This report looks at how India’s seemingly conflicting aims can be reconciled, and how a fair global climate deal could be a catalyst for a rapid move towards …

China and France say Paris climate pact should have five-year reviews

French president François Hollande claimed China and France had taken an “historic” step towards tackling climate change on Monday after the two countries agreed any deal reached in Paris next month should include checks on whether signatories are keeping their commitments to reduce emissions. In a joint statement released weeks …

Strengthening Accountability under the 2015 Climate Change Agreement

Beyond the emissions pledges made by different countries, a cornerstone for ensuring the effectiveness of the 2015 international climate change agreement will be the mechanisms in place to hold states to account for how they live up to their commitments. While legal form has been viewed as an important indicator …

Buddhists call for strong Paris climate deal to limit warming

The Dalai Lama is one of 15 leading Buddhists who are urging politicians towards a climate agreement Senior Buddhists have called on world leaders to agree a new climate change agreement at a conference in Paris next month. The 15 signatories, including the Dalai Lama, are urging politicians to completely …

Synthesis report on the aggregate effect of the intended nationally determined contributions

This document presents a synthesis report on the aggregate effect of the 119 intended nationally determined contributions (INDCs) communicated by 147 Parties by 1 October 2015. It provides estimates of the aggregate greenhouse gas emission levels in 2025 and 2030 resulting from the implementation of those INDCs. Those levels are …

Paris, for the People and the Planet: the Encyclical Laudato Si’ – what it means for the COP21 negotiations and beyond

This publication by CIDSE – an international alliance of 17 Catholic development agencies – sets out a vision for the UN conference in Paris,i and beyond, and is directly inspired by Laudato Si’, Pope Francis’ Encyclical Letter on Care for Our Common Home. Six years after the Copenhagen summit – …

World Catholic leaders appeal for bold climate change agreement

Roman Catholic leaders from around the world on Monday made a joint appeal to a forthcoming United Nations conference on climate change to produce a "fair, legally binding and truly transformational" agreement. The Catholic cardinals, patriarchs and bishops from across the globe signed the appeal in the Vatican, saying climate …

Climate session ends with consensus on a draft Global Climate Change agreement

The 5-day session in Bonn was spent in restoring a sense of balance in the draft agreement and not excluding the voice of developing countries. CSE warns that much time has been lost in the process and this is going to make arriving at a Global Climate Change Agreement in …

A ‘fair and ambitious’ climate agreement is not nearly enough: Paris 2015 take heed!

In December, national delegations from almost 200 nations will meet in Paris to hammer out an agreement on greenhouse gas emission (GHG) reductions. Like Kyoto (1997) and Copenhagen (2009) before it, Paris 2015 will rely on GHG emission reduction pledges to achieve their climate goals, this time to limit global …

Fair shares: a civil society equity review of INDCs - summary

Negotiations towards a new climate deal to be agreed at the UN climate conference in Paris in December have included voluntary climate targets by countries around the world in the form of Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs). A total of 146 countries, representing almost 87 per cent of global greenhouse …

The Paris Climate Agreement and beyond: linking short-term climate actions to long-term goals

This report discusses possible ways to enhance the Parties’ contributions to climate mitigation and finance, and draws lessons for the international negotiations leading up to the Paris climate agreement. Particular emphasis is placed on the importance of the dynamic nature of the climate regime, looking not only at the Paris …

Price carbon — I will if you will

To forge a strong climate accord in Paris, nations must agree on a common goal in everyone's self-interest, say David J. C. MacKay and colleagues. Original Source

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