As the climate is changing, the global economy is adapting. This paper provides a novel method of estimating how much adaptation has taken place historically, how much it has cost, and how much it has
This report focuses on carbon pricing as one policy strand used to tackle global GHG emissions. It gives an overview of implemented and forthcoming domestic and cross-border carbon pricing mechanisms,
This report shows how efficient carbon pricing instruments can enable countries in Asia and the Pacific region to accelerate their transition to affordable, secure low-carbon energy systems and help reach
The 2021 Conference of Parties 26 (COP26) propelled nations to ramp up their climate targets and the concomitant Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) to reduce global greenhouse gas emissions. However,
China holds a critical and outsized role in helping the global community achieve the targets of the Paris Agreement and preserving the planet’s biosphere. At the same time, China’s available financing
Reducing air pollution is a major policy challenge, especially in densely populated urban areas where human exposure to emissions is considerable. This paper develops and examines a series of scenarios
While a carbon tax is widely acknowledged as an efficient policy to mitigate climate change, adoption has lagged. Part of the challenge resides in the distributional implications of a carbon tax and a
This report provides an up-to-date overview of existing and emerging carbon pricing instruments around the world, including international, national and subnational initiatives. It also investigates trends
Macroeconomic impacts caused by climate change may create significant credit, market, and operational risks for financial institutions. Considering these risks, many firms are beginning to explore the
This paper provides an overview of progress on carbon taxes, emissions trading schemes (ETS) and voluntary carbon crediting mechanisms in Asia, identifying relevant policy gaps and giving suggestions based
